VSWR翻譯為電壓駐波比(Voltage Standing Wave Ratio),一般簡稱駐波比。
電磁波從甲介質傳導到乙介質,會由於介質不同,電磁波的能量會有一部分被反射,從而在甲區域形成「行駐波」。
電壓駐波比,指的就是行駐波的電壓峰值與電壓谷值之比,此值可以通過反射係數的模值計算:VSWR=(1+反射係數模值)/(1-反射係數模值)。
而入射波能量與反射波能量的比值為 1:(反射係數模的平方)從能量傳輸的角度考慮,
理想的VSWR為 1:1 ,即此時為行波傳速狀態,在傳輸線中,稱為阻抗匹配;最差時VSWR無窮大,此時反射係數模為1,為純駐波狀態,稱為全反射,沒有能量傳輸。
由上可知,駐波比越大,反射功率越高,傳輸效率越低。
反射係數K =(R-r)/(R+r),其中R為輸出阻抗,r為輸入阻抗
例 VSWR=1.15 RL=23.1 Reflection coefficient=0.07
Reflection coefficient K=0.07
VSWR =(1+|K| )/( 1-|K| )= R / r = Vmax / Vmin
VSWR= (1+0.07)/(1-0.07)
Return Loss RL=1/0.7=1.4286
RL = 10log(入射功率/反射功率)
= 20log(1 / K)dB
= 20log [(VSWR+1)/(VSWR-1)]dB
RL =20log(1/0.07)
=20log[(1.15+1)/(1.15-1)]
=23.1 dB
VSWR=(10^(23.1/20)+1)/ (10^(23.1/20)-1)
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
駐波比 |
反射損耗 |
傳輸損耗 |
電壓反射係數 |
傳輸功率 |
功率反射 |
(dB) |
(dB) |
(COEFF) |
(℅) |
(℅) |
|
1.00 |
.00 |
.000 |
.00 |
100.0 |
.0 |
1.15 |
23.1 |
.021 |
.07 |
99.5 |
.5 |
Return Loss | Voltage Standing Wave Ratio | Reflection Coefficient | |
|
Note: VSWR values were used to calculate the other two related values (rounded to 3 significant places)
RL (dB) | VSWR | G | RL (dB) | VSWR | G | RL (dB) | VSWR | G | RL (dB) | VSWR | G | |||
46.1 | 1.01 | 0.00498 | 25.7 | 1.11 | 0.0521 | 18.0 | 1.29 | 0.126 | 8.0 | 2.32 | 0.398 | |||
40.1 | 1.02 | 0.00990 | 24.9 | 1.12 | 0.0566 | 17.0 | 1.33 | 0.141 | 7.0 | 2.61 | 0.447 | |||
36.6 | 1.03 | 0.0148 | 24.3 | 1.13 | 0.0610 | 16.0 | 1.38 | 0.158 | 6.0 | 3.01 | 0.501 | |||
34.1 | 1.04 | 0.0196 | 23.7 | 1.14 | 0.0654 | 15.0 | 1.43 | 0.178 | 5.0 | 3.57 | 0.562 | |||
32.3 | 1.05 | 0.0244 | 23.1 | 1.15 | 0.0698 | 14.0 | 1.50 | 0.200 | 4.0 | 4.42 | 0.631 | |||
30.7 | 1.06 | 0.0291 | 22.6 | 1.16 | 0.0783 | 13.0 | 1.58 | 0.224 | 3.0 | 5.85 | 0.708 | |||
29.4 | 1.07 | 0.0338 | 21.7 | 1.18 | 0.0826 | 12.0 | 1.67 | 0.251 | 2.0 | 8.72 | 0.794 | |||
28.3 | 1.08 | 0.0385 | 20.8 | 1.20 | 0.0909 | 11.0 | 1.78 | 0.282 | 1.0 | 17.4 | 0.891 | |||
27.3 | 1.09 | 0.0431 | 20.0 | 1.22 | 0.100 | 10.0 | 1.92 | 0.316 | 0.5 | 34.8 | 0.944 | |||
26.4 | 1.10 | 0.0476 | 19.0 | 1.25 | 0.112 | 9.0 | 2.10 | 0.355 | 0.0 | Infinity | 1.00 |
VSWR to return loss conversion 線上轉換
http://cgi.www.telestrian.co.uk/cgi-bin/www.telestrian.co.uk/vswr.pl
引用: http://www.rfcafe.com/references/electrical/vswr.htm